Salamanders, headwater streams critical in food chain

University of Missouri scientist Ray Semlitsch studies creatures most people dont ever see. These creatures are active only at night and thrive in the shallow, cool, wet surroundings of headwater streams, an oft-overlooked biological environment.

A collaborative study, with MU graduate student Bill Peterman, recently reported in the journal Freshwater Biology, revealed the biomass (total mass of an organism in an area) of the black-bellied salamander far exceeds any prior estimates, and the contribution of the species and its habitat may be critical in the food chain. While the ecological role of the salamander is not fully understood, radio-telemetry and mark-recapture tracking methods used in the study indicate the salamanders are a critical component in the productivity of headwater streams, possibly ensuring the survival of other species of fauna.

This is important because it is the first study to uncover the hidden biomass of these salamanders, said Semlitsch, professor of biological science in the MU College of Arts and Science. Salamanders typically live underground. They live in places most people dont see, and they live in these small, headwater streams where there are no other fresh-water vertebrates. Fish cant exist in these small streams. This is where water seeps out of the rock, where all streams begin life as a stream.

These headwater streams, as per the study, are very productive areas for salamanders and Semlitsch advocates the protection of these ecosystems.

The final take-home message of our study is salamanders comprise a huge amount of protein biomass for these headwater stream ecosystems, Semlitsch said. We believe thats important because that biomass can then be used by consumers, such as predators, or could be used by decomposers in that system. The salamanders also are consuming aquatic insects. They are a key link, we think, in these headwater stream systems that has not been detected or uncovered before.

The amount of biomass weve reported is much, much higher than has ever been reported before, suggesting these headwater streams are very important ecosystems and they deserve protection. In my view, they actually deserve more protection than further down stream. It seems logical to me to protect the water where its coming out of the ground to retain and maintain clean water and provide ecosystem services downstream.

Semlitsch said the study brings to light the critical importance of salamanders, creatures that most people dont know much about or ever see as in comparison to birds or mammals.


Posted by: Kelly    Source